Lapai Journal of Applied and Natural Sciences

Comparative Proximate Composition of Fishes in Fresh Water in Lapai Market, Niger State, Nigeria

A.B. Liman, M.K. Yusuf, H. Ibrahim and A.H. Bashiru

The comparative proximate compositions of some smoked and fresh fishes of fresh water in Lapai market, Niger State, were carried out according to the procedures of AOAC (1990). The species used for the study include Clarias gariepinus, Heterotis niloticus and Tilapia zilli. The nutrient compositions of raw muscles determined were protein, moisture, fat, fibre, ash and nitrogen-free-extract.

Promising Potential Fecundity of Lung fish (Protopterus annectens) – Key to poverty eradication in Africa

M.K. Yusuf, A.B. Liman, and A.B. Aliyu

The experiments were carried out to investigate and provide information on fecundity to serve as guide for management of the fish. The fish samples were weighed with digital weighing balance to the nearest 0.01g and both total length and standard were measured by meter ruler to the nearest 0.01cm. Ten gravid females examined gave a range of 0.4-1.3kg weight of fish samples...

Assessment of Infant Mortality Rate of Kaduna State with African Regional Standards: A Case of Ahmadu Bello University Teaching Hospital, Shika, Zaria

A.T. Muhammad, M. Tasi'u, A.A. Ja’afar, A.A. Agboluaje, A. Abubakar and A. Adamu

Infant mortality rate (IMR) is an internationally recognized indicator of the overall health, wellbeing and quality of life of a population. Cognizance of the sustainable development goal number 3 (SDG 3) that is to ensure healthy life for all at all age. The aim of this study was to compare the infant mortality rate of north-western Nigeria with African regional standard with established standards.

Occurrence of Gastrointestinal Helminthes Parasites of Cattle Slaughtered in Some Selected Abattoirs in Gwagwalada Area Council, Abuja

U.N. Gimba, B.A. Azare and O.P. Airuoyuwa

A study of gastrointestinal helminth parasites in cattle slaughtered in abattoirs in Gwagwalada Area Council was carried out. Four genera and four species of helminth parasites were observed and they include Ascaris lumbricoide, Fasciola gigantica, Taenia saginata and Trichuris trichiura respectively.

A Stochastic Model for Rice Yields Forecast

M. Yahaya & A. Lawal

Rice (Oryza sativa) is one of most consumed food crops in Nigeria and in around the word. Demand for rice has been increasing at fast rate in Nigeria due to population growth and the banning of its importation in to the country has further led to its shortage in supply. This research is poised to provide necessary information to the government to boost rice production in the Nigeria. In view of this...

Application of Model Forecasting to Generate Real Gross Domestic Product Data

A.A. Agboluaje

The objective is to provide the right model forecast for the estimation of the Real Gross domestic product (RGDP) data among the Autoregressive Conditional Heteroscedastic [ARCH] series models for better decision making. ARCH series of models were applied using maximum likelihood estimators assuming Gaussian distribution, Student t- distribution and Generalized Error Distribution (GED).

Assessment of Goat Milk from Some Dairy Farms Within Kaduna North LGA, Kaduna, Nigeria

S.S.D. Mohammed, H.H. Haruna, U.F. Ibrahim, D. Namla & A.Y. Bello

Bacteria as food borne pathogens in quality evaluation of goat milk from selected dairy farms within Kaduna North Local Government Area (LGA), Kaduna were investigated as a measure of food safety. A total of ten (10) samples of milk were collected in sterile sample bottles and screened for the presence of food-borne pathogens. The milk samples were analyzed with preference to proximate analysis of selected milk...

Effects of Fertilizer on the Quality and Quantity Cassava Yield in Niger State, Nigeria

A.A. Agboluaje, A.Y. Ismaila, B.Y. Aliyu, J.I. Galadima, A. Abubakar, A. Ma’ali, I. Musa & T.A. Muhammad

The objective of the study is to assess the quantities/kilograms per acre of fertilizers used on different varieties of cassava for its yields. Regression models, Pearson correlation, Analysis of Variance (ANOVA), Chi-Square and T-Tests were the approach used. In regression models of Bida and NCR005varieties, Replication II (RII) decreased in yields as different quantities of fertilizers per acre were used.

Liquid Poultry fertilizer (Manure Tea) for the Growth and Yield Enhancement of Okra Varieties in Southern Guinea Savanna, Nigeria

S.Y. Abdulmaliq, N. Kumar, S. Danjuma, I. Kareem, O.F. Adekola & A. Bello

Field experiment were conducted in 2018 and 2019 cropping season at Ibrahim Badamasi Babangida University, Teaching and Research Farm (Latitude 09 02” N and Longitude 06 34” E) to evaluate the method of liquid poultry manure application methods on the performance of okra varieties in Southern Guinea Savanna, Ecology of Nigeria. The experiments were arranged in Randomized Complete Block Design, consisting of three levels of liquid poultry manure application method..

Distribution and Abundance of Mosquito Species in Some Selected Study Locations in Gwagwalada Area Council, FCT

U.N. Gimba, B.A. Azare & A.A. Madara

A study on the distribution and abundance of mosquitoes as vectors of diseases were investigated in some study locations in Gwagwalada, FCT Abuja, Nigeria between March and December 2018. A total of 1,820 mosquitoes were collected. The mosquitoes comprised of three genera Anopheles, Aedes and Culex.

Dynamics of Entomo-Faunal Diversity Indices of Rice-Fields Subjected to Different Agro-Chemical Inputs in Minna Metropolis, Nigeria

I.M. Salihu, I.K. Olayemi, Y. Garba, I. Yahaya, U.I. Hamza, H.H. Ndayako, S.L. Aliyu, M. Nma-Estu & A.Y Gusau

Dynamics of entomo-faunal diversity of rice-fields subjected to different agro-chemical inputs during rainy season in Minna Metropolis was investigated in 2013. The densities of insects collected from ricefields during the season ranged from 165 (30.11%) in site C to 211 (38.50%) in site B. Altogether, five insect Orders, viz; Coleoptera, Odonata, Hemiptera, Decapoda and Orthoptera were encountered during the period.

Abundance and Diversity Indices of Aestivating Insect in Rice-Field Soil Exposed to Different Agro-Chemical Practices in Minna Metropolis, Nigeria

I.M. Salihu, I.K. Olayemi, U.I. Hamza, I. Yahaya, U.G. Alhassan, A.M. Muhammad, D.A. Aliyu, Y. Garba & A.Y. Gusau

Abundance and diversity indices of aestivating insect in soil exposed to different agro-chemical practices in Minna Metropolis, during dry season of the year 2013 was investigated. The result revealed three insect Orders namely, Hymenoptera, Coleoptera and Hemiptera with the following abundance 45 (56.25%), 25 (31.25%) and 10 (12.50%) across the rice-field categories sampled.

Use of Unknown Weight to Enhance Ratio-Type Estimator in Simple Random Sampling

Y. Zakari, J.O. Muili, M.N. Tela, N.S. Danchadi & A. Audu

In this paper, a ratio-type estimator of finite population mean has been proposed. The proposed estimator was obtained by transforming Gupta and Yadav (2018) estimator. The main purpose of this study is to develop a new and efficient estimator to improve the precision of estimation of population mean in sample random sampling without replacement.

Geophysical Investigation of Groundwater at the Proposed Ibrahim Badamasi Babangida University Teaching Hospital Site, Lapai, Northcentral Nigeria

A.K. Aweda, A. Usman & O.O. Ige

Two-dimensional electrical resistivity imaging (ERT) as well as the vertical electrical sounding (VES) were integrated in order to investigate the groundwater prospects at the proposed Ibrahim Badamasi Babangida University Teaching Hospital Lapai, north central Nigeria. Three 2D imaging stations and nine VES points (3 points on each 2D station) were occupied in the study.

Forecasting of 2-3 Prey-Predator Using Aiyesimi Non-Diffused Mathematical Model

S.O. Makinde, G. Bolarin, A. Yusuf, Y.M. Aiyesimi, M. Jiya & R.O. Olayiwola

The model is based on the interactions of three Predators competing for two Preys. The equilibrium points are initially evaluated to arrive at seven equilibrium points. To analyse this using local stability, the Jacobian matrix is reduced using row transformation and then the eigenvalues were obtained.

Phytochemical, Heavy Metal Analysis and Phytotoxic Activities of Crude Extract of Annona senegalensis Stem Bark

Y. Ndatsu, A. Ibrahim, H. Abubakar, A. O. Amuzat, H. Mohammed and H.B. Usman

The phytochemical, heavy metals analysis and phytotoxic activities of Annona senegalensis extracts was determined. The fresh stem bark of A. senegalensis was collected, dried under air at room temperature, pounded into a powder and extracted by serial extraction. The Phytochemical screening was conducted, the concentrations...

Protective properties of Ficus platyphylla extract of Nupe land origin on oxidative stress in acetaminophen-induced albino rats

Y. Ndatsu, M. Usman, H. Abubakar, A. O. Amuzat, H. Mohammed and H.B. Usman

Acetaminophen is a common and widely used analgesic and antipyretic agent, but at high doses, it leads to undesirable side effects, such as liver damage. The study investigates the protective properties of Ficus platyphylla against acetaminophen-induced oxidative stress in albino rats. About 30 albino rats were randomly divided...

Incidence and Types of Fungal Contaminations of Some Locally Produced Cigarette Tobacco Sold in Niger State

D.A. Musa, A.B. Yisa, S. Danfulani & E.B. Ojogbane

Cigarette smoking is a social behavior still practiced in Niger State. Reports have shown that some toxic fungi have been isolated from some cigarette tobacco. This research was therefore aimed at investigating the incidence and type of fungal contamination of locally produced cigarette tobacco...

The Differential Variant and Its Error Estimate for the Class of Non-Overdetermined Third Order Ordinary Differential Equation

A.I. Ma’ali, A.Y. Badeggi, U. Mohammed, A. Abubakar, and Y.D. Jikantoro

The tau method for the numerical solution of Ordinary Differential Equations (ODEs) seeks an approximant of the solution which exactly satisfies the corresponding Perturbed Ordinary Differential Equations (PODE). This tau approximant has the power of x as its basis function...

Effects of Different Drying Methods and Packaging Materials on Quality of Tomato Powder

A. Ahmad, D. T. Gungula, V.T. Tame, J. Kapsiya, D.M.A. Kirawa, and J.O. Ilesanmi

Tomato has a very limited shelf life because of its climacteric in nature, high respiration rate and moisture content that facilitate deterioration soon after harvest...

Assessment of Human Activities on Sawmill Environments in Minna, Niger State, Nigeria

D S. N. Jiya, Y.D. Liman, and R.O. Sallau

The study was aimed at assessing the environmental impacts of sawmills in Minna, Niger State, Nigeria. Descriptive survey research design was adopted for the research. Random sampling technique was used to select 8 out of the 24 sawmills in Minna, Niger State...

Identification of Crime Vulnerable Areas in Ibrahim Badamasi Babangida University Lapai, Niger State, Nigeria

S. N. Jiya, Y.D. Liman, and T. Abubakar

The increase in global crime rate is due to increase in population and poor socioeconomic, political, and environmental conditions which trigger low income earnings and extreme unemployment. Increasing population in the cities and their surrounding...

Development of Digital Accident Detector with Android Phones

A.A. Alfa, M. El-Mamud, I. Maikudi, and U.A. Turaki

The increase in global crime rate is due to increase in population and poor socioeconomic, political, and environmental conditions which trigger low income earnings and extreme unemployment. Increasing population in the cities and their surrounding...

Prevalence of Enteric (Escherichia coli) and Physico-chemical Properties of River Sediments in Lapai, Niger State

N.J. Dadi-Mamud, T.V. Balogu, and V.O. Ogundare

The isolation and characterization of Escherichia coli associated with river sediments in Lapai Local Government area Niger State were assessed. Three sediments samples from rivers (Ndakotsu = NR, Yoruba= YR, and waterboard = WB) were collected...

Isolation and Identification of Bacteria from effluent of Abattoir in Minna, Niger State, Nigeria

S. Danfulani, A.A Alhassan, A.N. Umar, P.U. Obi, T.T. Ayisa, M.A. Saba, and J. Baba

The isolation and characterization of Escherichia coli associated with river sediments in Lapai Local Government area Niger State were assessed. Three sediments samples from rivers (Ndakotsu = NR, Yoruba= YR, and waterboard = WB) were collected...

Zooplankton of Temporary Freshwater Rock Pools of Upeh Guling, Endau Rompin Malaysia

A.U. Gabi and H.M. Matias-Peralta

The isolation and characterization of Escherichia coli associated with river sediments in Lapai Local Government area Niger State were assessed. Three sediments samples from rivers (Ndakotsu = NR, Yoruba= YR, and waterboard = WB) were collected...

Detection and Analysis of DDoS Attacks in Internet Kiosk Voting Using Machine Learning Algorithms

A. J. Almustapha, O. M. Olaniyi, I. M. Abdullahi, J. Ndunagu, and M. Ibrahim

TClassification algorithms recognize and differentiate class instances in a dataset to produce correctly classified output for better understanding of Distributed Denial-of-Service (DDoS) flood attacks captured on a workstation thereby improving availability of the e-voting server...

Determination of Entrance Skin Dose from Diagnostic Human Chest X-ray in General Hospital Minna

A. Jibril, A. Muhammad, I. K. Suleiman, and M. D. Oladipupo

This study was carried out to determine the trend of dose received by patient during x-ray examination in General Hospital, Minna in Niger State, Nigeria...

Assessment of Radon Concentration in Groundwater in Some Selected Areas in Lapai, Niger State

A. Jiya, A. Muhammad, I. K. Suleiman, and A.T Nuhu

This paper is on the assessment of the activity concentrations of Radon in water samples collected from Lapai town and compare the results with world Standards to have an idea of the risk level with respect to cancer. Liquid scintillation counter was used to determine the radon concentration in different water...

Solar Radiation and its Effects on Residentials in some selected Towns of Nasarawa State, Nigeria

B. Ndanusa, A. Z. Loko, I Umar, and B.J. Kwaha

This research work examines the effects of variation in solar radiation on signal reception of Direct-toHome (DTH) satellite on Ku-Band in some selected towns in Nasarawa State,...

Extension of Picard’s Successful Iteration Method to Numerical Solution of Second Order Initial Value Problem

K.A. Bello, O.A. Taiwo, and A. Abubakar

In this paper, Picard’s successive iteration method, to obtain the numerical solution for second order initial value problem is derived. The derivation of the new method is purely based on differentiation of the general class of the problem, following the Picard’s first order iteration method...

Determination of the Functional Properties and Moisture Sorption Isotherm of Dried Soybean Curd

S.Y. Bagirei, Y.S. Mohammad, M.M. Maude, F. Abdulkadir, and A.M. Fokpo

Soybean curd was produced with ruwan tsami, lime and aluminum sulphate and dried under the sun at 34 ± 2oC to moisture content of 11%. The dried soybean curd was then characterized in terms of functional properties and moisture sorption characteristics...

Bio-Potency of Hyptis suaveolens Leaf on the Larvicidal Stages of Development of Anopheles Mosquitoes

F. Sani, J.P. Mairiga, and S.C. Hassan

Malaria is one of the most severe public health concerns worldwide. It is highly endemic particularly in Africa, where Nigeria has the greatest burden. Hyptis suaveolens is one of the most important traditional medicinal plants used to repel insects...